[Agda] Agda with excluded middle is inconsistent
Chung Kil Hur
Chung-Kil.Hur at pps.jussieu.fr
Thu Jan 7 00:44:06 CET 2010
Hi everyone,
I proved the absurdity in Agda assuming the excluded middle.
Is it a well-known fact ?
It seems that Agda's set theory is weird.
This comes from the injectivity of inductive type constructors.
The proof sketch is as follows.
Define a family of inductive type
data I : (Set -> Set) -> Set where
with no constructors.
By injectivity of type constructors, I can show that I : (Set -> Set) -> Set is injective.
As you may see, there is a size problem with this injectivity.
So, I just used the cantor's diagonalization to derive absurdity in a classical way.
Does anyone know whether cantor's diagonalization essentially needs the classical axiom, or can be done intuitionistically ?
If the latter is true, then Agda system is inconsistent.
Please have a look at the Agda code below.
Any comments are wellcome.
Best regards,
Chung-Kil Hur
============== Agda code ===============
module cantor where
data Empty : Set where
data One : Set where
one : One
data coprod (A : Set1) (B : Set1) : Set1 where
inl : ∀ (a : A) -> coprod A B
inr : ∀ (b : B) -> coprod A B
postulate exmid : ∀ (A : Set1) -> coprod A (A -> Empty)
data Eq1 {A : Set1} (x : A) : A -> Set1 where
refleq1 : Eq1 x x
cast : ∀ { A B } -> Eq1 A B -> A -> B
cast refleq1 a = a
Eq1cong : ∀ {f g : Set -> Set} a -> Eq1 f g -> Eq1 (f a) (g a)
Eq1cong a refleq1 = refleq1
Eq1sym : ∀ {A : Set1} { x y : A } -> Eq1 x y -> Eq1 y x
Eq1sym refleq1 = refleq1
Eq1trans : ∀ {A : Set1} { x y z : A } -> Eq1 x y -> Eq1 y z -> Eq1 x z
Eq1trans refleq1 refleq1 = refleq1
data I : (Set -> Set) -> Set where
Iinj : ∀ { x y : Set -> Set } -> Eq1 (I x) (I y) -> Eq1 x y
Iinj refleq1 = refleq1
data invimageI (a : Set) : Set1 where
invelmtI : forall x -> (Eq1 (I x) a) -> invimageI a
J : Set -> (Set -> Set)
J a with exmid (invimageI a)
J a | inl (invelmtI x y) = x
J a | inr b = λ x → Empty
data invimageJ (x : Set -> Set) : Set1 where
invelmtJ : forall a -> (Eq1 (J a) x) -> invimageJ x
IJIeqI : ∀ x -> Eq1 (I (J (I x))) (I x)
IJIeqI x with exmid (invimageI (I x))
IJIeqI x | inl (invelmtI x' y) = y
IJIeqI x | inr b with b (invelmtI x refleq1)
IJIeqI x | inr b | ()
J_srj : ∀ (x : Set -> Set) -> invimageJ x
J_srj x = invelmtJ (I x) (Iinj (IJIeqI x))
cantor : Set -> Set
cantor a with exmid (Eq1 (J a a) Empty)
cantor a | inl a' = One
cantor a | inr b = Empty
OneNeqEmpty : Eq1 One Empty -> Empty
OneNeqEmpty p = cast p one
cantorone : ∀ a -> Eq1 (J a a) Empty -> Eq1 (cantor a) One
cantorone a p with exmid (Eq1 (J a a) Empty)
cantorone a p | inl a' = refleq1
cantorone a p | inr b with b p
cantorone a p | inr b | ()
cantorempty : ∀ a -> (Eq1 (J a a) Empty -> Empty) -> Eq1 (cantor a) Empty
cantorempty a p with exmid (Eq1 (J a a) Empty)
cantorempty a p | inl a' with p a'
cantorempty a p | inl a' | ()
cantorempty a p | inr b = refleq1
cantorcase : ∀ a -> Eq1 cantor (J a) -> Empty
cantorcase a pf with exmid (Eq1 (J a a) Empty)
cantorcase a pf | inl a' = OneNeqEmpty (Eq1trans (Eq1trans (Eq1sym (cantorone a a')) (Eq1cong a pf)) a')
cantorcase a pf | inr b = b (Eq1trans (Eq1sym (Eq1cong a pf)) (cantorempty a b))
absurd : Empty
absurd with (J_srj cantor)
absurd | invelmtJ a y = cantorcase a (Eq1sym y)
=====================================
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: http://lists.chalmers.se/pipermail/agda/attachments/20100107/f7590439/attachment-0001.html
More information about the Agda
mailing list